2018 NECO GOVERNMENT OBJ AND ESSAY

[31/05 1:20 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: 2a) Public opinion is an aggregate of the individual views, attitudes, and beliefs about a particular topic, expressed by a significant proportion of a community, is a belief, values and attitudes which are commonly held and expressed by majority of the people by giving of public issues. [31/05 1:24 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: 4. The works and duties of the judiciary in a democratic system of government is to interprete the law and punish law breakers. The judiciary should not be controlled by any arms of government so as to be able to carry out it efficiency as an independent body. The judiciary also advocates the law and makes the law made known.the judiciary works is to remain unbias irrespective of the situation. [31/05 1:29 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: 8a Colonialism Colonialism is the policy of a polity seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of developing or exploiting them to the benefit of the colonizing ... Imperialism Imperialism refers to political or economic control, either formally or informally. In simple words, colonialism can be thought to be a practice and imperialism as the idea driving the practice. Nationalism Nationalism is a political, social, and economic system characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining sovereignty over the homeland. Warranty chief Warrant Chiefs, Africa. ... The British appointed willing participants or collaborators and gave them "warrants" to act as local representatives of the British administration among their people. [31/05 1:29 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: *4i)The Role of Equity Legislation* Sometimes, the law do seems to be inconsistent with some of the laws. In other words, laws could be ambitious, that is to say that the laws are silent, and in such cases, it is incumbent on the Judge to bring in his wisdom. This is where the Judge’s sense of honesty, fairness, justice and impartially is necessary to decides on the case. Sometimes, in the cause of deciding on such cases, the Judge will indirectly involved himself in the process of law making. That is why it is called equity legislation. *ii)Judiciary Protects People’s Rights* The judiciary is vested with the power of safeguarding the rights of the Nigerian citizenry. That is its supreme responsibility as the third organ of government. In the case, where the citizen’s rights is threatened, or maybe, violated by whoever, the individual has the constitution right as a Nigerian citizen to seek his protection from the Nigerian judiciary, because one major function of the judiciary is the protection of the rights of the Nigerian citizens, even foreigners, since it has to do with human rights. *iii)Juduciary Conducts Judicial Inquiries* More often, issues of state important do come up that normally begs for inquiries. In such a situation, court Judges are normally called upon to serve such purposes. Once Enquiry Commissions are constituted, Judges are always the people to head such commissions. Some of the issues that warrant such inquiries could be those issues that have to do with alleged errors or sometimes, omissions on the part of government, sometimes too, on the part of some public servants. The role of Judges who head such Commissions of enquiry is to investigate on some important and *iv)Judiciary Special Role in a Federation* The judiciary has more vital role to play, where a federal system of government is practice, such as the Nigerian situation. This role include, guarding the constitution and as well as arbitering disputes involving say, the federal and the state governments. *V)Judiciary Interprets and Applies Laws* Another functions of the judiciary is the interpretation and the application of laws to all cases. We are in the know that, judiciary disputes and as well, decides on cases brought before it. In the course of doing this, the judges can be said to have interpret and apply laws. [31/05 1:34 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: 1i) It is written down and usually signed by those who oversaw the document being drafted and undertake to follow same. ii) Rights are clearly mentioned so that people who are governed by rules contained in same, know their entitlement. iii) Minimum expectations from leaders as well as people are listed so that they may, with passing time, be updated. iv) Promises are made to be fulfilled in future which past have rendered necessary yet difficult, even impossible. v) Certain areas maintaining status quo are marked out so that like above mentioned promises, they may be worked upon. vi) Method of determining issues related to nationality, socio economic equity and welfare are set out. These are inflexible, usually. [31/05 1:37 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: 10a ETHNIC CONFLICT IN NIGERIA: CAUSES AND SOLUTION Nigerians are very sensitive when it comes to their ethnic groups. An average Nigerian often sees his own tribe as being superior to others. Ethnic conflicts are very common and they bring about damage to lives and properties. The key causes and solution to ethnic conflict in Nigeria are discussed here. Ethnic Conflict CAUSES OF ETHNIC CONFLICT IN NIGERIA TRIBALISM Tribalism: Nigerians tend to segregate and discriminate against people that are not from the same tribe. This causes jealousy, hatred and can further cause conflict between two or more ethnic groups. INEQUALITY Inequity: If it seems the government favours one ethnic group over the other in the allocation of resources, e.g budget allocation. The concerned tribe would feel slighted and show their protests by acts of violence, which may result in ethnic conflict in Nigeria. LAND DISPUTES Land disputes: if it happens that two states have a dispute over the ownership of a piece of land that serves as a boundary, there is bound to be disagreement between the two ethnic groups. HISTORY History: if two ethnic groups have had a long-standing history of conflict between each other, such is bound to continue even in the present. IGNORANCE Ignorance: Many individuals live in total ignorance about other ethnic groups. They instead dwell on rumors of the negative things about other tribal groups apart from theirs. This would make them develop a hatred for other tribal groups. SOLUTIONS TO ETHNIC CONFLICT IN NIGERIA SENSITISATION Sensitization: There should be workshops to sensitize and create awareness to the general public on the need for national unity and patriotism. EQUITY Equity: the government should be careful enough to share financial resources and otherwise, equally. DIALOGUE Dialogue: the two ethnic parties should employ the use of dialogue to settle disputes. Creation of Job opportunities Creation of Job opportunities: there should be the presence of an enabling environment to engage the youths to avoid idleness. They should be adequately trained on how to establish small and medium scale enterprises. INTEGRATION Integration: platforms, where Nigerians get to learn more about other ethnic groups, should be encouraged. This would inculcate the spirit of unity and togetherness among citizens. [31/05 1:51 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: (6) 1)The independence constitution provided for a democratic parliamentary system of government whereby the office of the head of State is different from the office of the head of government. 2)A federal system of government was retained. 3)Queen Elizabeth was still the Head of state, Nnamdi Azikwe, the Governor – General, was a ceremonial Head of State representing the Queen until October 1st1963 when Nigeria became a republican State. 4)The prime minister was the Head of government and administration {Tafawa Balewa}. 5)The constitution provided for a bi-cameral legislature at the center, the Senate (upper house) and House of Representatives ( lower house). 6)The constitution provided a premier as the Head of the executive of each region. [31/05 2:26 pm] ENGR NASER DAHER: *GOVERNMENT OBJ:* 1-10: CECABACCCA 11-20: ADCEEBCCDE 21-30: EAABEEBBBB 31-40: DDABDEABEB 41-50: BECCEECBED 51-60: ACAAEAEAAD